PMID 29546641 The Effects of an Oral Taurine Dose and Supplementation Period on Endurance Exercise Performance in Humans: A Meta-Analysis 메타분석 · Sports Med, 2018 10개 시험 - 경구 타우린이 지구력 수행을 소폭 향상(Hedges' g 0.40), 단회·수주 복용 차이 없음, 용량 1~6 g.
핵심요약
타우린 단독 경구 복용이 지구력 수행에 미치는 영향을 처음으로 체계적으로 종합한 메타분석여러 개별 연구의 결과를 통계적으로 합쳐 하나의 종합 결론을 내는 분석.(10개 시험, 탈진까지 시간 하위분석 7개). 전체 지구력 수행이 유의하게 향상됐고(Hedges' g 0.40, 95% CI 0.12~0.67), 탈진까지 시간도 비슷했다(g 0.43). 단회 복용과 만성(1일 초과) 복용의 차이가 없었고, 1~6 g 범위에서 용량이 효과를 좌우하지 않았다. 포함 시험 수가 적고 설계가 다양하다는 한계가 있다.
원문 초록 보기
BACKGROUND: Taurine is central to many physiological processes, some of which are augmented by exogenous supply and have the potential to facilitate endurance performance; however, its independent effects on performance have not been systematically analysed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of isolated oral taurine ingestion on endurance performance and to assess the contribution of (1) the dose and (2) the supplementation period to the ergogenic effect. METHODS: A search was performed using various databases in September 2017. The studies were screened using search criteria for eligibility. Ten peer-reviewed articles were identified for inclusion. A sub-analysis of time-to-exhaustion (TTE) trials (n = 7) was also performed. The effects of (1) dose and (2) the acute (single dose) or chronic (> 1 day) supplementation periods were assessed using meta-regression. The doses of taurine ranged from 1 to 6 g/day and were provided in single doses and for up to 2 weeks among a range of subjects. RESULTS: Taurine ingestion improved overall endurance performance (Hedges' g = 0.40, 95% CI 0.12-0.67, P = 0.004), which was similar in TTE trials (Hedges' g = 0.43, 95% CI 0.12-0.75, P = 0.007). There were no differences between acute or chronic supplementation for the full sample (P = 0.897) or the TTE group (P = 0.896). The dose of taurine did not moderate its effect on endurance performance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Human endurance performance can be improved by orally ingesting a single dose of taurine in varying amounts (1-6 g). ※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
원문 보기 ↗ PMID 24195702 Combined effect of branched-chain amino acids and taurine supplementation on delayed onset muscle soreness and muscle damage in high-intensity eccentric exercise RCT · J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 2013 36명 - BCAA(3.2 g)+타우린(2.0 g) 병용 2주 시 근육통(VAS)·근손상 지표(LDH·알돌라제·산화손상)가 위약유효 성분이 없는 가짜 약(플라시보). 효과 비교의 기준으로 쓴다.보다 낮음. 단, 효과는 '병용군'.
핵심요약
편심성 팔 운동으로 근육통·근손상을 유발한 뒤 BCAA·타우린 단독/병용/위약유효 성분이 없는 가짜 약(플라시보). 효과 비교의 기준으로 쓴다. 4군을 비교한 이중맹검 RCT(미숙련 남성 36명). 운동 전 2주와 후 3일간 하루 3회 복용했다. 병용군(BCAA 3.2 g + 타우린 2.0 g)에서 근육통(VAS)·팔 둘레·LDH·산화손상(8-OHdG)이 위약군보다 유의하게 낮았다. 저자들은 이 병용이 운동 유발 근육통·근손상을 완화하는 영양 전략이 될 수 있다고 결론지었다 - 다만 타우린 단독의 독립 효과는 이 설계에서 분리되지 않는다.
원문 초록 보기
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have evaluated the effectiveness of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation for preventing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise, their findings have been inconclusive. Since taurine has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, the present study investigated the combined effect of BCAA and taurine on DOMS and muscle damage. METHODS: Thirty-six untrained male subjects (22.5 ± 3.8 years) were assigned to four groups (placebo + placebo [placebo], BCAA + placebo, placebo + taurine, and BCAA + taurine [combined]) and given a combination of 3.2 g BCAA (or placebo) and 2.0 g taurine (or placebo), three times a day, for two weeks prior to and three days after eccentric elbow flexor exercises. DOMS and muscle damage in the biceps brachii were subjectively and objectively evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS), upper arm circumference (CIR), and blood parameters (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], aldolase, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine [8-OHdG]). RESULTS: In the combined group, VAS and 8-OHdG two days after exercise, CIR two and three days after exercise and LDH from one to three days after exercise were significantly lower than the placebo group. The area under the curve from before exercise to four days later for CIR, LDH, and aldolase was also significantly lower in the combined group than in the placebo group. CONCLUSION: A combination of 3.2 g BCAA and 2.0 g taurine, three times a day, for two weeks prior to and three days after exercise may be a useful nutritional strategy for attenuating exercise-induced DOMS and muscle damage. ※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
원문 보기 ↗ PMID 25833543 Taurine supplementation reduces eccentric exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness in young men RCT · Adv Exp Med Biol, 2015 소규모 RCT - 타우린 단독이 편심성 운동 후 지연성 근육통(DOMS)을 줄였다고 보고(학회 논문집, 상세 초록 미색인).
핵심요약
타우린 단독 보충이 편심성 운동으로 유발된 지연성 근육통(DOMS)을 줄였다고 보고한 소규모 RCT(젊은 남성). PubMed에 상세 초록이 색인돼 있지 않아, 검증 가능한 것은 제목 수준의 결과 방향(타우린이 DOMS를 감소)뿐이며 효과 크기·수치는 이 항목만으로 확인할 수 없다. 타우린 '단독'의 근육 회복 근거로 참고하되 규모·상세가 제한적임을 감안한다.
원문 초록 보기
※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
원문 보기 ↗ PMID 38406865 Effects of Caffeine-Taurine Co-Ingestion on Endurance Cycling Performance in High Temperature and Humidity Environments 교차설계 RCT · Sports Health, 2024 12명 교차 RCT(고온다습) - 타우린이 지구력(TTE)·혈중 젖산·심부체온은 개선했으나, 하지 신경근 피로 회복에는 위약유효 성분이 없는 가짜 약(플라시보). 효과 비교의 기준으로 쓴다.과 차이 없음.
핵심요약
고온다습(35°C, 습도 65%) 환경에서 타우린·카페인·병용·위약유효 성분이 없는 가짜 약(플라시보). 효과 비교의 기준으로 쓴다.을 비교한 단일맹검 교차 RCT(체육 전공생 12명). 모든 보충군이 위약보다 탈진까지 시간(TTE)을 늘렸고, 타우린군은 탈진 후 혈중 젖산과 심부체온이 특히 낮았다. 그러나 저자들은 타우린·카페인·병용 모두 '하지 신경근 피로 회복에는 위약과 차이가 없었다'고 명시했다. 즉 수행·젖산에는 이점이 있었으나 이것이 '피로 회복'으로 직결되지는 않았다.
원문 초록 보기
BACKGROUND: Taurine (TAU) and caffeine (CAF), as common ergogenic aids, are known to affect exercise performance; however, the effects of their combined supplementation, particularly in high temperature and humidity environments, have not been studied. HYPOTHESIS: The combination of TAU and CAF will have a greater effect on endurance cycle performance and improve changes in physiological indicators during exercise compared with TAU or CAF supplementation alone and placebo. STUDY DESIGN: Single-blind crossover randomized controlled study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 1. METHODS: Twelve university students majoring in physical education volunteered to receive 4 different supplement ingestions: (1) placebo (maltodextrin), (2) TAU, (3) CAF, (4) TAU + CAF. After a 7-day washout period, participants completed a time to exhaustion (TTE) test in the heat (35°C, 65% relative humidity). RESULTS: All experimental groups improved TTE compared with the placebo group. Peak and mean power of countermovement jump were significantly higher in the CAF group compared with the placebo group before the exhaustion exercise (P = 0.02, d = 1.2 and P = 0.04, d = 1.1, respectively). Blood lactate was significantly lower after the exhaustion test in the TAU group compared with the CAF (P < 0.01, d = 0.8) and TAU + CAF (P < 0.01, d = 0.7) groups. Core temperature in the TAU group was significantly reduced in the placebo group later in the exhaustion test (P < 0.01, d = 1.9). CONCLUSION: In high temperature and humidity environments, acute TAU, CAF, and combined supplementation all improved TTE and did not affect recovery from lower limb neuromuscular fatigue compared with placebo, with TAU having the best effect. Combined supplementation failed to exhibit superimposed performance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The results provide suggestions for the effects of TAU, CAF, and their combined intake on exercise performance in high temperature and humidity environments. ※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
원문 보기 ↗ PMID 30006901 The Effects of Oral Taurine on Resting Blood Pressure in Humans: a Meta-Analysis 메타분석 · Curr Hypertens Rep, 2018 7개 시험·103명 - 타우린이 수축기·이완기 혈압을 평균 약 3 mmHg 감소시킴(부작용 보고 없음).
핵심요약
경구 타우린 단독이 안정시 수축기·이완기 혈압에 미치는 영향을 종합한 메타분석여러 개별 연구의 결과를 통계적으로 합쳐 하나의 종합 결론을 내는 분석.(7개 시험, 103명, 다양한 나이·건강 상태). 타우린은 수축기 혈압(Hedges' g -0.70)과 이완기 혈압(g -0.62)을 유의하게 감소시켰고, 이는 평균 약 3 mmHg 감소에 해당했다(하루 1~6 g, 1일~12주). 부작용은 보고되지 않았다. 저자들은 이를 '예비적' 결과로 보고 표적 질환·최적 용량에 대한 후속 연구가 필요하다고 밝혔다.
원문 초록 보기
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aims of this meta-analysis were to investigate the effects of orally administered isolated taurine on resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in humans. RECENT FINDINGS: There is growing evidence that taurine deficiency is associated with hypertension and that oral supplementation can have antihypertensive effects in humans. However, these investigations have been conducted across a number of decades and populations and have not been collectively reviewed. A search was performed using various databases in May 2018 and later screened using search criteria for eligibility. There were seven peer-reviewed studies meeting the inclusion criteria, encompassing 103 participants of varying age and health statuses. Taurine ingestion reduced SBP (Hedges' g = - 0.70, 95% CI - 0.98 to - 0.41, P < 0.0001) and DBP (Hedges' g = - 0.62, 95% CI - 0.91 to - 0.34, P < 0.0001). These results translated to mean ~ 3 mmHg reductions in both SBP (range = 0-15 mmHg) and DBP (range = 0-7 mmHg) following a range of doses (1 to 6 g/day) and supplementation periods (1 day to 12 weeks), with no adverse events reported. These preliminary findings suggest that ingestion of taurine at the stated doses and supplementation periods can reduce blood pressure to a clinically relevant magnitude, without any adverse side effects. Future studies are needed to establish the effects of oral taurine supplementation on targeted pathologies and the optimal supplementation doses and periods. ※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
원문 보기 ↗ PMID 38755142 Taurine reduces the risk for metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 메타분석 · Nutr Diabetes, 2024 25개 RCT·1,024명 - 타우린이 수축기 혈압(-4.0 mmHg)·이완기(-1.5)·공복혈당(-5.9 mg/dL)·중성지방혈액 속 지방(트리글리세라이드)의 한 종류. 높으면 심혈관 위험이 커진다.(-18.3 mg/dL) 감소, HDL은 변화 없음.
핵심요약
대사증후군 관련 지표에 대한 타우린 효과를 종합한 대규모 메타분석여러 개별 연구의 결과를 통계적으로 합쳐 하나의 종합 결론을 내는 분석.(25개 RCT, 1,024명, 하루 0.5~6 g, 5~365일). 대조군 대비 수축기 혈압(-4.0 mmHg)·이완기 혈압(-1.5 mmHg)·공복혈당(-5.9 mg/dL)·중성지방혈액 속 지방(트리글리세라이드)의 한 종류. 높으면 심혈관 위험이 커진다.(-18.3 mg/dL)이 유의하게 감소했으나 HDL 콜레스테롤은 변화가 없었다. 메타회귀에서 이완기 혈압·공복혈당은 용량이 클수록 더 감소했다. 대조군 대비 유의한 부작용은 관찰되지 않았다. 저자들은 타우린을 대사증후군 위험군의 식이 보조 수단으로 제안했다.
원문 초록 보기
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of interconnected risk factors that significantly increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Taurine has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for MetS. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of taurine supplementation on MetS-related parameters. METHODS: We conducted electronic searches through databases like Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov, encompassing publications up to December 1, 2023. Our analysis focused on established MetS diagnostic criteria, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Meta-regression explored potential dose-dependent relationships based on the total taurine dose administered during the treatment period. We also assessed secondary outcomes like body composition, lipid profile, and glycemic control. RESULTS: Our analysis included 1024 participants from 25 RCTs. The daily dosage of taurine in the studies ranged from 0.5 g/day to 6 g/day, with follow-up periods varying between 5 and 365 days. Compared to control groups, taurine supplementation demonstrated statistically significant reductions in SBP (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -3.999 mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -7.293 to -0.706, p = 0.017), DBP (WMD = -1.509 mmHg, 95% CI = -2.479 to -0.539, p = 0.002), FBG (WMD: -5.882 mg/dL, 95% CI: -10.747 to -1.018, p = 0.018), TG (WMD: -18.315 mg/dL, 95% CI: -25.628 to -11.002, p < 0.001), but not in HDL-C (WMD: 0.644 mg/dl, 95% CI: -0.244 to 1.532, p = 0.155). Meta-regression analysis revealed a dose-dependent reduction in DBP (coefficient = -0.0108 mmHg per g, p = 0.0297) and FBG (coefficient = -0.0445 mg/dL per g, p = 0.0273). No significant adverse effects were observed compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Taurine supplementation exhibits positive effects on multiple MetS-related factors, making it a potential dietary addition for individuals at risk of or already experiencing MetS. Future research may explore dose-optimization strategies and potential long-term benefits of taurine for MetS management. ※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
원문 보기 ↗ PMID 32871172 The effects of taurine supplementation on obesity, blood pressure and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 메타분석 · Eur J Pharmacol, 2020 12개 RCT(대부분 간·대사 이상 환자) - 총콜레스테롤(-10.9)·중성지방혈액 속 지방(트리글리세라이드)의 한 종류. 높으면 심혈관 위험이 커진다.(-13.1 mg/dL)·혈압 감소, 공복혈당·체중·BMI는 변화 없음.
핵심요약
타우린 보충이 비만·혈압·지질에 미치는 영향을 종합한 메타분석여러 개별 연구의 결과를 통계적으로 합쳐 하나의 종합 결론을 내는 분석.(12개 RCT, 하루 0.5~6 g, 15일~6개월). 대상은 대부분 간·대사 기능에 이상이 있는 환자(당뇨·간염·지방간·비만·낭성섬유증·만성 알코올중독·심장 수술)였다. 수축기 혈압(-4.67 mmHg)·이완기 혈압(-2.90)·총콜레스테롤(-10.87 mg/dL)·중성지방혈액 속 지방(트리글리세라이드)의 한 종류. 높으면 심혈관 위험이 커진다.(-13.05 mg/dL)이 유의하게 감소했으나, 공복혈당·HDL·LDL저밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤 - 이른바 ‘나쁜 콜레스테롤’.·BMI·체중에는 영향이 없었다. 저자들은 효과가 '간·대사 기능 이상 환자에서' 나타난 것임을 명시했다.
원문 초록 보기
Taurine plays a pivotal role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, blood pressure homeostasis, and obesity largely due to its cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions. Despite promising data from animal studies in this scenario, the efficacy of taurine supplementation in human studies has been inconsistent. The main objective of this meta-analysis was to appraise the effects of taurine supplementation on liver markers and, secondarily, to explore anthropometric measures as well. Pubmed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to April 2020. There were 12 eligible peer-reviewed studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Most studies were conducted in patients with liver or metabolic dysregulation (diabetes, hepatitis, fatty liver, obesity, cystic fibrosis, chronic alcoholism, and cardiac surgery). The taurine dosage varied from 0.5 to 6 g/d for 15 days to 6 months. Pooled effect sizes suggested a significant effect of taurine administration on systolic blood pressure (weighted mean difference (WMD): -4.67 mm Hg; 95%CI, -9.10 to -0.25), diastolic blood pressure (WMD: -2.90 mm Hg; 95%CI, -4.29 to -1.52), total cholesterol (WMD: -10.87 mg/dl; 95%CI, -16.96 to -4.79), and triglycerides (WMD: -13.05 mg/dl; 95%CI, -25.88 to -0.22); however, it had no effect on fasting blood glucose (WMD: 0.06 mg/dl), HDL-C (WMD: 0.90 mg/dl), LDL-C (WMD: -6.17 mg/dl), as well as on body mass index (WMD: -0.46 kg/m2) and body weight (WMD: -0.47 kg) as the anthropometric measures. These findings indicate that, in patients with liver dysregulation, taurine supplementation can lower blood pressure and improve the lipid profile by reducing total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. ※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
원문 보기 ↗ PMID 37289866 Taurine deficiency as a driver of aging 동물시험 + 사람 관찰 · Science, 2023 화제가 된 원 논문 - 타우린이 나이 들며 감소하고 보충 시 생쥐 수명·생쥐/원숭이 건강수명 증가. 사람은 상관관계뿐, 저자도 임상시험 필요하다고 명시.
핵심요약
'노화 억제·수명 연장' 화제를 촉발한 원 논문. 생쥐·원숭이·사람에서 혈중 타우린이 나이 들며 감소하고, 보충 시 생쥐의 수명과 생쥐·원숭이의 건강수명이 늘었으며, 세포 노화·미토콘드리아 기능장애·DNA 손상 등이 완화됐다고 보고했다. 그러나 사람에서는 '낮은 타우린이 여러 노화 관련 질환과 상관관계가 있다'는 관찰에 그쳤고, 저자들도 사람에서 타우린 결핍이 노화를 유발하는지는 임상시험으로 확인해야 한다고 명시했다(동물 근거 + 사람 상관, 인과 아님).
원문 초록 보기
Aging is associated with changes in circulating levels of various molecules, some of which remain undefined. We find that concentrations of circulating taurine decline with aging in mice, monkeys, and humans. A reversal of this decline through taurine supplementation increased the health span (the period of healthy living) and life span in mice and health span in monkeys. Mechanistically, taurine reduced cellular senescence, protected against telomerase deficiency, suppressed mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased DNA damage, and attenuated inflammaging. In humans, lower taurine concentrations correlated with several age-related diseases and taurine concentrations increased after acute endurance exercise. Thus, taurine deficiency may be a driver of aging because its reversal increases health span in worms, rodents, and primates and life span in worms and rodents. Clinical trials in humans seem warranted to test whether taurine deficiency might drive aging in humans. ※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
원문 보기 ↗ PMID 40472098 Is taurine an aging biomarker? 사람·영장류·생쥐 코호트(반박) · Science, 2025 미국 국립노화연구소(NIA) - 사람·영장류·생쥐를 장기 추적하니 타우린이 나이에 따라 오히려 늘거나 변화 없음. '나이 들며 감소한다'는 전제를 반박.
핵심요약
2023년 주장의 핵심 전제('타우린이 나이 들며 감소한다')를 검증한 미국 국립노화연구소(NIA) 주도 연구. 지리적으로 다른 사람 코호트 3곳과 비인간 영장류·생쥐를 종단(같은 집단 반복 측정)·횡단으로 측정한 결과, 혈중 타우린 농도는 나이에 따라 오히려 늘거나 변하지 않았다. 타우린과 노화 관련 건강 지표(대운동 기능·에너지 항상성)의 연관도 편차가 컸다. 저자들은 타우린 변화가 노화의 보편적 특징이 아니며 그 효과는 개인의 시점·생리 맥락에 따라 다를 수 있다고 결론지었다.
원문 초록 보기
Low circulating taurine concentrations have been proposed as a driver of the aging process. We found that circulating taurine concentrations increased or remained unchanged with age in three geographically distinct human cohorts as well as in nonhuman primates and mice when measured longitudinally (repeatedly in the same population) or cross-sectionally (sampling distinct populations at various ages). Moreover, considerable variability was observed in associations between taurine and age-related changes in health outcomes pertaining to gross motor function and energy homeostasis. Our results suggest that changes in circulating taurine are not a universal feature of aging and that its pleiotropic effects may be dependent on the temporal and physiological context of each individual. ※ 파이프라인이 API로 수집·저장한 초록 원문 그대로. 한국어 핵심요약은 이 텍스트만을 근거로 작성됩니다.
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